Figures
Fig. 1: Antenna
Fig. 2: Head dorsal with ocellar triangle and pronotum
Fig. 3: Meso- and metanotum
Fig. 4: Fore- and hindwing
Fig. 5: Tergites IV-VI
Fig. 6: Sternites V and VI
Fig. 7: Tergites VIII and IX
Fig. 8: Tergites VIII-X
ITS-RFLP gel patterns (1&8 ladder, 2 PCR-product, 3 RSAI, 4 HaeIII, 5 MspI, 6 HinfI, 7 AluI)
Fig. 9: Primer pair O1/18J
Fig. 10: Primer pair P1/28Z
Taxonomic Information
Species:
Caliothrips fasciatus (Pergande, 1895)
Synonyms:
Caliothrips woodworthi Daniel, 1904
Heliothrips fasciatus Pergande, 1895
Common name:
Bean thrips
Present taxonomic position:
Family: Thripidae Stephens, 1829
Subfamily: Panchaetothripinae Bagnall, 1912
Genus: Caliothrips Daniel, 1904
Species Recognition
General information about the genus Caliothrips:Members of this genus are dark brown, contain heavy net-like sculpture with internal markings, have banded wings and 8 antennal segments. Most of the species in this group are found living in grasses and legumes.
Typical character states of Caliothrips fasciatus:
Body color
Mainly brown
Antennae
Number of antennal segments: 8
Segment IV - forked sensorium: scarcely extending beyond base of segment V
Segments III & IV sensoria: emergent and forked
Terminal antennal segments: very long, needle like
Head:
Head shape between compound eyes: not prolonged
Sculptured reticles on head and pronotum: with internal sculptured markings
Surface of head, pronotum and fore legs: with strong reticulate sculpture, but sometimes irregular
Head posteriorly: not constricted
Prothorax
Number of pairs of elongate pronotal setae: 0-3
Number of pairs of elongate posteroangular pronotal setae: 0
Sculptur of pronotum: without transverse striate sculpture
Mesothorax
Mesothoracic endofurca: without median spinula
Metathorax
Metanotum: with campaniform sensilla
Metanotum median area: with at least some equiangular reticulation
Metanotum sculpture: without dominant sculptured triangle medially
Metathoracic endofurca: elongate and lyre-shape
Wings
Wings: present and more than half as long as abdomen
First vein of forewing: close to or fused to costal vein
Forewing anterior margin: with setae and cilia but setae longer than cilia
Forewing color: alternating bands of dark and light
Forewing costal setae at middle of wing: longer than median width of wing
Forewing first vein setal row: incomplete, with setae not closely and uniformly spaced
Forewing posterior margin cilia: undulated near apex
Forewing second vein setal row: complete, with setae closely and uniformly spaced
Forewing surface: not reticulate
Forewings: with veins, setae and microtrichia
Legs
Mid and hind tarsi: with one segment
Abdomen:
Abdominal segment X: never tubular, longitudinally incomplete ventrally in both sexes
Abdominal sternite VII: with discal setae present on median area - with marginal setae but no discal setae
Abdominal tergites: without curved wing-retaining setae
Abdominal tergites IV & V median setal pair: much shorter than distance between their bases
Setae on abdominal tergite X: slender
Tergite VIII posteromarginal comb of microtrichia: present laterally, incomplete medially
Tergites III to VI sculpture on lateral thirds: comprising mainly oblique reticulations
Biology
Life history:
Lewis (1973) reports that longevity of larvae may range from 0-14 days and adults can live from 7-15 days both dependent on temperature.
Host plants:
Cotton, pear, sugar beet
Vector capacity:
None identified
Current known distribution:
Central and South America, North America
Additional notes:
This species has been found as an occasional pest on grasses, bean crops and lettuce.
Bibliography
Harman, JA, Mao, CX & Morse, JG (2007):
Selection of colour of sticky trap for monitoring adult bean
thrips, Caliothrips fasciatus (Thysanoptera : Thripidae).
- Pest Management Science 63 (2): 210-216.
Harman, JA, Mao, CX, Robinson, LJ & Morse, JG (2007): Evaluation
of two non-destructive sampling methods for bean thrips (Thysanoptera
: Thripidae) detection in navel oranges. - Crop Protection 26 (12):
1747-1754.
Hoddle, MS, Stosic, CD & Mound, LA (2006): Populations
of North American bean thrips, Caliothrips fasciatus (Pergande)
(Thysanoptera : Thripidae : Panchaetothripinae) not detected in Australia.
- Australian Journal of Entomology 45: 122-129.
Lewis, T (1973): Thrips. Their Biology, Ecology and Economic
Importance. Academic Press, New York, xvi, 350 ppg.
Mound, LA, & Kibby, G (1998): Thysanoptera: An
identification guide, Second edition.
Moritz G, Mound LA, Morris DC, Goldarazena A (2004): Pest thrips of the world - an identification and information system using molecular and microscopial methods. CBIT, University of Queensland,CDROM ISBN 1-86499-781-8.
Mound, LA., & Marullo, R(1996): The thrips of Central
and South America: An introduction (Insecta: Thysanoptera). Associated
Publishers, Gainesville.
Palmer, JM, Mound, LA & Du Heaume, GJ (1989): 2.
Thysanoptera, pp. 73. In Betts, CR [ed.],
CIE Guides to Insects of Important to Man. CAB International, Wallingford.
Spence, KO, Bicocca, VT & Rosenheim, JA (2007): Friend or foe?:
A plant's induced response to an omnivore. - Environmental Entomology 36
(3): 623-630.
Links:
Mound, LA (2005): Thysanoptera (Thrips) of the World
- A Checklist. http://www.ento.csiro.au/thysanoptera/worldthrips.html